Gold Guide

From the first discoveries of gold in ancient times, its beauty and the ease with which it could be worked inspired craftsmen to create it into ornaments, not just for adornment, but as symbols of wealth and power. The skills of the goldsmith from ancient Egypt to Benvenuto Cellini or Carl Faberge still amaze us. As Pindar wrote nearly 2,500 years ago, "Gold is the child of Zeus, neither moth nor rust devoureth it". Today, gold jewelry is more a mass- market product, although in many countries still treasured as a basic form of saving. jewelry fabrication is the crucial cornerstone of the gold market, annually consuming all gold that is newly mined. Pure gold is used in those parts of the world where jewelry is purchased as much for in- vestment as it is for adornment, but it tends to be vulnerable to scratching. Elsewhere, it is usually mixed, or alloyed, with other metals. Not only do they harden it, but influence the color; white shades are achieved by alloying gold with silver, nickel or palladium; red alloys contain mainly copper. A harder alloy is made by adding nickel or a tiny percentage of titanium. The proportion of gold in jewelry is measured on the carat (or karat) scale. The word carat comes from the carob seed, which was originally used to balance scales in Oriental bazaars. Pure gold is designated 24 carat, which compares with the "fineness" by which bar gold is defined. Carat Fineness Gold 24 1000 %100 22 916.7 %91.67 18 750 %75 14 583.3 %58.3 10 416.7 %41.6 9 37.5 %37.5 The most widely used alloys for jewelry in Europe are 18 and 14 carat, although 9 carat is popular in Britain. Portugal has a unique designation of 19.2 carats. In the United States 14 carat predominates, with some 10 carat. In the Middle East, India and South East Asia, jewelry is traditionally 22 carat (sometimes even 23 carat). In China, Hong Kong and some other parts of Asia, "chuk kam" or pure gold jewelry of 990 fineness (almost 24 carat) is popular. In many countries the law requires that every item of gold jewelry is clearly stamped with its cartage. This is often controlled through hallmarking, a system which originated in London at Goldsmiths' Hall in the 14th century. Today it is compulsory in such countries as Britain, France, the Netherlands, Morocco, Egypt, and Bahrain. Where there is no compulsory marking manufacturers themselves usually stamp the jewelry both with their own individual identifying mark and the cartage or fineness. The European Commission wants to introduce a common system for guaranteeing standards of fineness within member countries of the European Community. Three strictly supervised systems are possible; either I) Hall- marking, 2) Quality control, according to the European norm on quality (EN 29000), or 3) Certificate of conformity by manufacturers, control- led by an independent third party. Until recently the earliest known gold jewelry was believed to date from the Summer civilization, which inhabited what is now southern Iraq around 3000 BC. Recent discoveries suggest however that goldsmith first began on the shores of the Black Sea, in the land that is today Bulgaria. Articles displaying various techniques such as repose, chain- making, alloying and casting have been found in ancient Egyptian tombs, with the best known examples coming from the treasures of King Tutankhamun who died in 1352 BC. The Minoans on Crete produced the first known cable chain, still very popular today, and the Etruscans in Italy had developed granulation, whereby items are decorated with tiny granules of gold, by the 7th century BC. Italy has remained at the forefront of the gold jewelry industry. The Italian Renaissance coincided with the discoveries of the New World sources of gold, and wealthy Italian patrons encouraged goldsmiths as they did painters and sculptors. The Spanish acquisition of South American gold, however, was achieved at the expense of the ancient heritage of Pre-Columbian goldsmiths. These craftsmen were producing exquisite items as early as 1200 BC and their art reached its zenith during the Chimu civilisation from the 12th to the I5th centuries AD, halted only by the mass looting and slaughter by the "conquistadors". Historically, gold was a rare metal, afforded only by the wealthy. But the gold rushes to California and Australia in the mid- 19th century ushered in a new dimension of gold supply. They coincided, too, with the development of machinery for making chain and other articles and of a much wider consumer market. In the 20th century gold jewelry has come within the pocket of most people. The way ahead was pointed by Italy, which has become jewelry manufacturer to the world, using over 400 tones of gold annually, more than two- thirds of it for export. Factories often housing several hundred ma- chines that "knit" gold wire into chain flourish in the towns of Arezzo, Bassano del Grappa and Vicenza. Important new centers emerged in the early 1990s, notably in Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand, catering particularly for the rapidly growing market for chukka am (pure gold) jewelry in China, which requires several hundred tones a year. In Japan jewelry fabrication for the domestic market has become a major industry, using around 100 tones a year. Attitudes to jewelry still vary. In the industrial countries gold jewelry is primarily a fashion item. But in the Middle East and much of Asia gold ornaments are seen equally as investment; 22 carat articles are bought on a low mark-up of only 10-20 per cent over the gold price of the day, and may be traded in at a profit if the price rises or, more often, for new articles. The importance of jewelry to the gold mining industry cannot be under-estimated. Between 1970 and 1992 around 65 per cent of all gold available to the market was used in jewelry, and from the late 1980's into the 1990's, it absorbed much of the rise in production. Since 1991 over 2,000 tones of gold has been used annually. The continuing success of the mining industry is inextricably linked with the fortunes of the jewelry trade. With increasing interest everywhere in gold jewelry, it is now available in more designs and patterns than ever before. While you might choose to have several designs or styles, it is important to remember that every gold ornament needs to be cared for in a special way. Storage solutions When you buy gold jewelry, make sure that it is given to you in a box with a satin or velvet lining. Gold ornaments should not be kept in pouches, because this will cause scratching and wearing away of gold when the gold pieces brush against each other. This is even more likely if the ornament is studded with diamonds or other hard gemstones. Ideally, two different gold ornaments should not be kept in the same box. Wrapping smaller items of jewelry individually in tissue paper before keeping them in the box safeguards them from scratches. Keep it clean It is best to use a soft cleaning cloth, chamois leather or synthetic chamois to clean your jewelry. A good gold cleaning liquid is also useful for maintaining the shining glory of your gold jewelry. When cleaning your jewelry, always use soft, non-abrasive material. A good cleaning liquid may be used for intricate jewelry with delicate links, which a cloth may not reach. Once in a while, gold ornaments should be cleaned by dropping them into boiling water in which a pinch of sodium bicarbonate has been added, for just half a minute. Drop one piece of jewelry at a time and remove it. Then wipe it immediately with a soft cloth. Family Heirlooms Always handle family heirlooms and antique jewelry very delicately. Wipe them with a soft cloth, or get them cleaned by a reliable jeweler. Never jumble jewels in very small containers. Remember also to keep your genuine gold jewelry away from costume jewelry. Always keep jewelry of different karatages separately. So, now that you know exactly how to make sure that your gold stays as brilliant and radiant as on the day that you got it; just follow these golden rules of gold care.

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Photos of some of the gold and diamond

Diamond engagement ring

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Massey hours

Contract shaving Macan with natural pearls

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Things we do not know about gold .....................

Most of the gold that was discovered since 6000 is still in the possession of rights. Though the compilation of this gold and his brother has a rib 59 cubic feet and weighs 103.000 metric tons
Gold is a metal more flexibility and can voluntarily withdraw an ounce in the form of a wire length of 5 miles or roads in the form of a very thin plate to cover an area of 100 square feet
Gold is more dense elements of the world, it is the densest of iron two and a half and lead was doubled. That the square feet of gold weighs about 1200 lbs
To extract one ton in mines can be obtained through him, one ounce of gold
That the Federal Reserve Bank in New York City stores, 12 and .500 metric tons of gold worth about 144 billion dollars in the safe under the land area half the size of a football field
Is estimated to be worth 8 billion tons have melted in the oceans of the world, and there are 35 thousand metric tons is still present in the Earth's crust
More than 19 tons of gold is manufactured in wedding rings each year
The jewelry industry is the most commonly used for gold without comparison day, that about 2000 tons of gold used in the jewelry industry in 1990, up from mine production, which has a volume of 1734 tons in the Arab world
In some cases, gold chips are used for the work of cake decoration and often occur in Japan
Carat word (a word used to describe jewelry) is derived from the words of an Arab, Greece and Italy to describe the pills carob tree. The carob tree seeds are used by traders counterweights on the sale of gold and jewelry
The jeweler uses to detect the purity of a sample of 24 gold needle reach the golden purity of the first to 1 / 24 of the last sample is selected by the scratch test for gold and then comparing the result with scratches scratches caused by needles. Although the use of Mahkat and needles to detect the purity of gold is no longer fashionable, that the system of purity remains. Thus the gold of 24 carat gold is 100% pure and 18 carat gold is a part of 18 gold and 6 parts of other metals, and so on
The first production of gold at the United States was in North Karawlinia and not in California, and in 1799, followed by the productivity of others in an atmosphere رجيا in 1828
The mine (Hom steak) in hand, South Dakota, the oldest gold mine in the world, has been the discovery of gold there for the past 115 years
Gold Discovered the largest bloc is (Wellcome Stranger) and discovered in Australia in 1896, which weighs 2.280 troy ounce .

Gold

Gold is a very precious metal and chemical element has the symbol Au, atomic number 79 in the periodic table. And called his condition before the multiplication by natural dust. Lane, brilliant yellow, use as a criticism when many of the peoples, cultures and nations, as it uses in the manufacture of jewelry and gems. Exists in nature in the form of granules inside the rocks in the river beds, or in the form of veins in the underground, and often there is gold with other metals, copper, lead, and discovered the largest mass of gold in Australia in 1896, weighed 2.280 ounces, and the advantage of gold low corrosion and smoothest It is also one of the most intensive chemical elements.

Last has a lot of gold when the Pharaohs And they make him the coffins of their kings and their vehicles as they made him a mask of the most beautiful masks known to mankind was made of pure gold of the Pharaoh Tutankhamun.

And a gold cash base used by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) and the Gold Astamlat other is used in dentistry and electronics.

[Edit] uses for gold
The unique characteristics of gold of watered and viability of the clouds, formation, and resistance to corrosion made it suitable for many purposes it is mixed with other metals such as copper or silver or nickel for the alloys more durable, and with the platinum-grade IAF industry as they are highly resistant to separation of chemicals, The gold is the metal of choice in many areas such as:

1 - in Jewelry & Accessories:

Much use of gold in jewelry adornment the so-called gold-yellow, and is accomplished by mixing gold with copper, silver and zinc to varying degrees resulting in a shot with gold multiple, and are measuring the degree of purity of gold parts (part per thousand) or Diameter according to the measurement the U.S., for example, the degree of purity, 1000 corresponding to 24 caliber, and the degree of purity 875 correspond to 21 caliber, while 750 corresponds to 18 caliber, and generally the color tends to pale whenever any caliber decrease a number decreased amount of gold in the alloy. The white gold is gold mixed with tin or palladium in order to make it white and used white gold jewelry usually crews.

2 - in medicine:

Used in dentistry because of the watered and resistance to corrosion in the mouth.
Solution of gold is also used in the treatment of rheumatism and inflammation of the bones.
Used radioactive gold (198) in the treatment of some types of cancer.

Gold [edit] Origin of Gold
Scholars tried to Muslims in the Middle Ages and others convert other elements into gold without success. Gold, who on earth has Otaha When you configure the Earth through the cosmic dust, which are for the explosion of Supernova. Collected ash emerging with the other components of the Earth and the Earth formed, but formed the solar system as a whole. While creating stars medium like the sun light elements, such as helium, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and others to iron (weight atomic 56), the element of heavy such as gold, weight atomic 197 - The [[density intensity of 3 and 19 grams / cubic centimeters - can not consist only in heat severe as those that result from the explosion of a star. Then Tstadm atoms and particles attach to each other and part of the Bbeda thus consists of heavy elements such as gold. And all the heavy elements heavier than iron are only Supernova explosion.

Scientists have been able to convert in the modern era other elements into gold by shocking Bonoip neutrons or other atoms or in nuclear reactors, but the way expensive .

Sale of the largest currency in the world of gold to 3.27 million euros

Vienna - Reuters:

Spain Company specialized in trading metals, psychological buying more currency in the world of gold valued at 3.27 million euros or the equivalent (16 million) from an investment company other rare at auction on Friday in Vienna.


It weighs 100 grams a piece of gold which is one of five currencies, "Maple Leaf" one million Canadian dollars issued by the Mint Royal Canadian writing in the tender from the company "or RSS, or" a trading company based in Madrid, gold.


There were no counter-offers in the auction room packed with journalists more participants in the auction has estimated the value of pure gold in the currency according to the market price on Friday, this was four times the nominal value.


And ordered an auction of the administrator of the Austrian investment group "in W। A Invest", which made the pretext of bankruptcy in May after the arrest of the owner and chief executive officer on suspicion of involvement in fraud and other charges .

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